ME YASA MUTANE MASU MATUƘAR BASIRA DA BAIWA SUKE FAƊUWA A JARABAWA? (A MAHANGAR ILIMIN PSYCHOLOGY)

ME YASA MUTANE MASU MATUƘAR BASIRA DA BAIWA SUKE FAƊUWA A JARABAWA? (A MAHANGAR ILIMIN PSYCHOLOGY)

A ilimin Psychology, basira (intelligence) ba ita kaɗai ce ke tabbatar da nasara a makaranta ba. Akwai wasu muhimman abubuwa kamar halayyar ɗabi’a, yanayin tunani, tsarin karatu, da yanayin zuciya waɗanda ke taka rawa mai girma. Wannan ne yasa wani lokaci mutane masu ƙwaƙwalwa mai kaifi da baiwa suke kasa yin fice a jarabawa.

Na farko, akwai matsalar overconfidence (yawan yarda da kai fiye da kima). Mutum mai basira na iya ɗauka cewa zai iya fahimtar komai ba tare da yin karatu sosai ba. Wannan sakaci yana sa ya shiga jarabawa ba tare da cikakken shiri ba, wanda ke janyo faɗuwa.

Na biyu, akwai abin da ake kira lack of discipline (rashin tsari da daidaito). Basira ba ta wadatar idan babu tsari. Dalibi mai basira na iya kasancewa mai sakaci, yana jinkirta karatu (procrastination), ko rashin bin jadawalin karatu. Wannan yana rage damar cin nasara.

Na uku, boredom (gajiya da rashin sha’awa). Sau da yawa, dalibai masu basira suna jin darussa sun yi sauƙi ko sun yi musu kasa da matakin su. Wannan yana sa su rasa sha’awa, su daina mai da hankali, wanda ke haifar da sakamako mara kyau.

Na hudu, akwai test anxiety (tsoron jarabawa). Ko da mutum yana da ilimi sosai, tsoro da tashin hankali na iya hana kwakwalwa aiki yadda ya kamata a lokacin jarabawa. Wannan yana sa mutum ya manta abubuwan da ya sani.

Na biyar, lack of emotional intelligence (rashin sarrafa motsin rai). Wasu masu basira ba su da ƙwarewar sarrafa damuwa, fushi, ko matsin lamba. Wannan yana iya lalata kokarin su a lokacin jarabawa.

Na shida, akwai fixed mindset – wato tunanin cewa basira abu ne da aka haifa da shi kawai, ba tare da buƙatar ƙoƙari ba. Irin wannan tunani yana hana mutum yin ƙoƙari sosai, domin yana jin cewa bai buƙatar ƙarin aiki.

Misalai a rayuwa sun nuna wannan gaskiya. Akwai dalibai da ake ɗauka su ne “geniuses” a aji, amma saboda rashin tsari da ƙoƙari suna faɗuwa a jarabawa. Haka kuma, wasu fitattun mutane a duniya sun fuskanci irin wannan matsala a makaranta. Misali, Albert Einstein an taɓa ganin shi ba ya yin fice sosai a wasu fannoni a makaranta, duk da irin basirarsa. Haka nan Thomas Edison ya fuskanci matsaloli a tsarin makaranta saboda yadda tsarin koyarwa bai dace da irin salon tunaninsa ba.

A ƙarshe, Psychology tana nuna cewa nasara a makaranta tana buƙatar haɗin kai tsakanin basira, ƙoƙari, tsari, da kuma kyakkyawan yanayin tunani. Idan aka rasa ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan, ko da mutum yana da baiwa sosai, zai iya fuskantar  faɗuwa a jarabawa.